What are the ingredients in sunscreens?

Facial sunscreens come in a variety of formulations, each with its own specific ingredients and benefits. Choosing the right formulation and understanding the ingredients is essential for maximum efficacy and comfort. Among the most common are zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, antioxidants such as vitamins C and E and even glycerin and hyaluronic acid.

Opting for a natural sunscreen formula offers several advantages, especially for those looking for gentler, more environmentally friendly options. Most often they feature mineral ingredients such as zinc oxide and titanium dioxide, with effective broad-spectrum UVA and UVB protection, without the use of chemicals that can be irritating or harmful.

In addition, natural ingredients, without nano particles, can offer additional benefits, such as risk-free antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties: “Non-nano zinc oxide (mineral UV filter) is part of our aluminium tin creams with screw cap SPF30 and 50, and our natural water-resistant sun lotion, a key ingredient for high immediate protection” – explains Filip Van, founding CEO of the Cádiz-based cosmetics firm Di Oleo.

These formulas are often more environmentally friendly, as they do not contain chemicals that can harm aquatic ecosystems, which is an important consideration for those concerned about the environmental impact of their skincare products: “By choosing a natural sunscreen, we are not only protecting our skin, we are also making a conscious decision for our health and the health of the planet”.

The most common ingredients

For example, the aforementioned zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are very common, both of which are key ingredients in physical or mineral sunscreens, as they protect against UVA and UVB rays and are less likely to cause irritation, making them perfect for sensitive skin.

Avobenzone, oxybenzone, octisalate and octocrylene, which complete the formulation of chemical sunscreens, are also effective in absorbing UV rays and transforming them into heat. Antioxidants such as vitamins C and E are often used to combat free radicals generated by sun exposure, providing anti-ageing benefits.

Finally, hyaluronic acid and glycerin help to hydrate the skin, which is especially beneficial in formulations for dry skin. Cosmetic companies combine some of these ingredients with others such as pomegranate seed oil, pure organic aloe vera, organic and unrefined shea butter or coconut and carrot oils, the latter of which is essential for a beautiful tan.

The textures of a sunscreen… better in cream or spray?

Creams are ideal for normal and dry skin as they provide additional hydration: “They are thicker and therefore much more comforting for dry skin, but heavy for some types of oily skin”, says Esperanza Sáenz, image manager at Nezeni Cosmetics in Seville, who considers lotions more suitable as they are lighter and offer a good mix of hydration without being too heavy.

As for gels, it is better to use them on oily or acne-prone skin because of their light, fast-absorbing texture. And sprays are more body-oriented: “They are also quick to apply, and if we want to use them on the face, I recommend spraying the product”.

How to create your skincare routine according to your needs.